Iintlobo ze-LED ezimhlopheIindlela eziphambili zobugcisa ze-LED emhlophe zokukhanyisa zezi: ① I-LED eluhlaza okwesibhakabhaka + uhlobo lwe-phosphor; ②Uhlobo lwe-RGB LED③ I-Ultraviolet LED + uhlobo lwe-phosphor.

1. Ukukhanya okuluhlaza okwesibhakabhaka – i-LED chip + uhlobo lwe-phosphor olutyheli-oluhlaza kuquka izinto eziphuma kwi-phosphor ezinemibala emininzi kunye nezinye iintlobo.

Umaleko we-phosphor otyheli-luhlaza ufunxa inxalenye yokukhanya okuluhlaza okwesibhakabhaka okuvela kwi-chip ye-LED ukuze kuveliswe i-photoluminescence. Enye inxalenye yokukhanya okuluhlaza okwesibhakabhaka okuvela kwi-chip ye-LED idluliselwa ngomaleko we-phosphor kwaye idibana nokukhanya okuluhlaza okwesibhakabhaka okuphuma kwi-phosphor kwiindawo ezahlukeneyo kwindawo. Izibane ezibomvu, eziluhlaza neziluhlaza okwesibhakabhaka zixutywa ukwenza ukukhanya okumhlophe; Kule ndlela, ixabiso eliphezulu lethiyori lokuguqulwa kwe-phosphor photoluminescence, enye yeendlela zangaphandle ze-quantum, ayizukudlula kwi-75%; kwaye izinga eliphezulu lokukhupha ukukhanya kwi-chip linokufikelela kuphela kwi-70%. Ke ngoko, ngokwethiyori, ukukhanya okumhlophe kohlobo oluluhlaza okwesibhakabhaka Ukusebenza okuphezulu kwe-LED okukhanyayo akuyi kudlula kwi-340 Lm/W. Kwiminyaka embalwa edlulileyo, i-CREE ifikelele kwi-303Lm/W. Ukuba iziphumo zovavanyo zichanekile, kufanelekile ukubhiyozelwa.

2. Imibala emithathu ephambili ebomvu, eluhlaza okwesibhakabhaka kunye ne-blue idityanisiweIintlobo ze-RGB LEDbandakanyaIintlobo ze-RGBW- LED, njl. njl.

Ii-LED ezi-R-LED (ezibomvu) + i-G-LED (eluhlaza) + i-B-LED (eluhlaza okwesibhakabhaka) ezintathu ziyadityaniswa, kwaye imibala emithathu ephambili yokukhanya okubomvu, okuluhlaza kunye nokukhanya okuluhlaza okwesibhakabhaka okukhutshwayo ixutywa ngokuthe ngqo kwindawo ukuze kwenziwe ukukhanya okumhlophe. Ukuze kuveliswe ukukhanya okumhlophe okusebenzayo kakhulu ngale ndlela, okokuqala, ii-LED zemibala eyahlukeneyo, ingakumbi ii-LED eziluhlaza, kufuneka zibe yimithombo yokukhanya esebenzayo. Oku kunokubonwa kwinto yokuba ukukhanya okuluhlaza kumalunga ne-69% "yokukhanya okumhlophe kwe-isoenergy". Okwangoku, ukusebenza okukhanyayo kwee-LED eziluhlaza okwesibhakabhaka nezibomvu kuye kwaba phezulu kakhulu, kunye nokusebenza kwe-quantum yangaphakathi okungaphezulu kwe-90% kunye ne-95% ngokulandelelana, kodwa ukusebenza kwe-quantum yangaphakathi kwee-LED eziluhlaza kusemva kakhulu. Le meko yokusebenza kokukhanya okuluhlaza okuphantsi kwee-LED ezisekelwe kwi-GaN ibizwa ngokuba "ngumsantsa wokukhanya okuluhlaza." Isizathu esiphambili kukuba ii-LED eziluhlaza azikafumani izinto zazo ze-epitaxial. Izinto ezikhoyo ze-phosphorus arsenic nitride series zisebenza kancinci kakhulu kuluhlu lwe-spectrum oluphuzi noluhlaza. Nangona kunjalo, ukusebenzisa izinto ezibomvu okanye eziluhlaza okwesibhakabhaka ze-epitaxial ukwenza ii-LED eziluhlaza kuya kuba phantsi kweemeko eziphantsi zoxinano lwamandla ombane, kuba akukho lahleko yokuguqulwa kwe-phosphor, i-LED eluhlaza inokukhanya okuphezulu kunokukhanya okuluhlaza okwesibhakabhaka + i-phosphor. Kubikwa ukuba ukusebenza kwayo okukhanyayo kufikelela kwi-291Lm/W phantsi kwemeko yangoku ye-1mA. Nangona kunjalo, ukusebenza okukhanyayo kokukhanya okuluhlaza okubangelwa yi-Droop effect kwehla kakhulu kwimijelo emikhulu. Xa uxinano lwamandla ombane lusanda, ukusebenza okukhanyayo kwehla ngokukhawuleza. Kwimijelo yamandla ye-350mA, ukusebenza okukhanyayo yi-108Lm/W. Phantsi kweemeko ze-1A, ukusebenza okukhanyayo kwehla ukuya kwi-66Lm/W.

Kwi-phosphides zeQela lesi-III, ukukhupha ukukhanya kwi-green band kube ngumqobo obalulekileyo kwiinkqubo zezinto eziphathekayo. Ukutshintsha ukwakheka kwe-AlInGaP ukuze ikhuphe eluhlaza endaweni yobomvu, i-orenji okanye umthubi kubangela ukuba kubekho ukuvalelwa okwaneleyo komthwali ngenxa yomsantsa wamandla ophantsi kwenkqubo yezinto eziphathekayo, nto leyo ethintela ukuphinda kusebenze kakuhle kwemisebe.

Ngokwahlukileyo koko, kunzima ngakumbi kwi-III-nitrides ukufikelela ekusebenzeni okuphezulu, kodwa ubunzima abunakoyiswa. Ukusebenzisa le nkqubo, ukwandisa ukukhanya ukuya kwi-green light band, izinto ezimbini eziya kubangela ukwehla kokusebenza kakuhle zezi: ukwehla kokusebenza kakuhle kwe-quantum yangaphandle kunye nokusebenza kakuhle kombane. Ukwehla kokusebenza kakuhle kwe-quantum yangaphandle kuvela kwinto yokuba nangona umsantsa we-green band uphantsi, ii-LED eziluhlaza zisebenzisa i-voltage ephezulu ye-GaN, ebangela ukuba izinga lokuguqulwa kwamandla lehle. Ingxaki yesibini kukuba i-LED eluhlaza iyancipha njengoko uxinano lwangoku lwe-injection lusanda kwaye lubanjwe yi-droop effect. I-Droop effect ikwakho nakwii-LED eziluhlaza okwesibhakabhaka, kodwa impembelelo yayo inkulu kwii-LED eziluhlaza, nto leyo ebangela ukusebenza kakuhle komsinga osebenzayo ophantsi. Nangona kunjalo, kukho iingcamango ezininzi malunga nezizathu ze-droop effect, kungekuphela nje kwi-Auger recombination - ziquka ukusasazeka, ukugcwala kwe-carrier okanye ukuvuza kwe-electron. Oku kokugqibela kuphuculwe yintsimi yombane yangaphakathi ene-high-voltage.

Ngoko ke, indlela yokuphucula ukusebenza kakuhle kokukhanya kwee-LED eziluhlaza: kwelinye icala, funda indlela yokunciphisa isiphumo seDroop phantsi kweemeko zezinto ezikhoyo ze-epitaxial ukuphucula ukusebenza kakuhle kokukhanya; kwelinye icala, sebenzisa ukuguqulwa kwe-photoluminescence kwee-LED eziluhlaza okwesibhakabhaka kunye nee-phosphors eziluhlaza ukuze ukhuphe ukukhanya okuluhlaza. Le ndlela inokufumana ukukhanya okuluhlaza okusebenzayo kakhulu, okunokuthi ngokwethiyori kufezekise ukusebenza kakuhle kokukhanya okuphezulu kunokukhanya okumhlophe okwangoku. Akukukhanya okuluhlaza okuzenzekelayo, kwaye ukwehla kobumsulwa bombala okubangelwa kukwanda kwayo kwe-spectral akulunganga kwizibonisi, kodwa akufanelekanga kubantu abaqhelekileyo. Akukho ngxaki yokukhanyisa. Ukusebenza kakuhle kokukhanya okuluhlaza okufunyenwe ngale ndlela kunethuba lokuba ngaphezulu kwe-340 Lm/W, kodwa akusayi kudlula i-340 Lm/W emva kokudibana nokukhanya okumhlophe. Okwesithathu, qhubeka uphanda kwaye ufumane izixhobo zakho ze-epitaxial. Kuphela ngale ndlela, kukho ithemba elincinci. Ngokufumana ukukhanya okuluhlaza okungaphezulu kwe-340 Lm/w, ukukhanya okumhlophe okudityaniswe zii-LED ezintathu ezimibala ephambili ebomvu, eluhlaza kunye nebhlowu kunokuba ngaphezulu komda wokukhanya osebenzayo we-340 Lm/w wee-LED ezimhlophe zohlobo lwe-chip eluhlaza okwesibhakabhaka.

3. I-Ultraviolet LEDitshiphusi + iiphosphor ezintathu ezinombala ophambili zikhupha ukukhanya.

Isiphene esiphambili kwiintlobo ezimbini ezingentla ze-LED ezimhlophe kukusasazwa okungalinganiyo kokukhanya kunye ne-chromaticity. Ukukhanya kwe-ultraviolet akunakubonwa liliso lomntu. Ke ngoko, emva kokuba ukukhanya kwe-ultraviolet kuphume kwi-chip, kutsalwa yi-phosphors ezintathu eziphambili zombala kumaleko wokupakisha, kwaye kuguqulwa kube kukukhanya okumhlophe yi-photoluminescence ye-phosphors, emva koko kukhutshelwe esibhakabhakeni. Le yeyona nzuzo yayo inkulu, njengezibane ze-fluorescent zendabuko, ayinayo i-spatial color equality. Nangona kunjalo, ukusebenza kakuhle kokukhanya kwe-ultraviolet chip white light LED akunakuba ngaphezulu kwexabiso le-theory le-blue chip white light, ingasathethwa ke ngexabiso le-theory le-RGB white light. Nangona kunjalo, kuphela ngokuphuhliswa kwe-high-efficiency high-efficiency three-primary color phosphors ezifanelekileyo kwi-ultraviolet excitation apho sinokufumana ii-LEDs ezimhlophe ze-ultraviolet ezikufutshane okanye ezisebenzayo ngakumbi kunee-LEDs ezimbini ezimhlophe ezingentla kweli nqanaba. Okukhona zisondele kwi-blue ultraviolet LEDs, kokukhona zinokuba nkulu. Okukhona zinkulu, ii-LEDs ezimhlophe ze-UV zohlobo lwe-medium-wave kunye ne-short-wave azinakwenzeka.